Comparisons of Learning Achievement, Critical Thinking and Self-Esteem of Matthayomsueksa 2 Students who Learned Using Problem- Based Learning Approach and Synectics Learning Approach for Thai Language Content Strands
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Abstract
The purposes of this study were (1) to develop the plans for organization of learning based on the Problem Based Learning and using the Synectics learning approach with a required efficiency of 80/80, (2) to find out effectiveness indices of these two developed learning plans, (3) to compare critical thinking and self-esteem of Matthayomsueksa 2 students between before and after using of the two mentioned approaches, and (4) to compare learning achievement, critical thinking, and self-esteem of the students who learned using different learning approaches. The sample used in this study consisted of 61 Matthayomsueksa 2 students attending Potisanvitthaya school in Kusuman District, under the Office of Secondary Educational Service Area Zone 23 in the second semester of the academic year of 2011, obtained using the cluster random sampling technique. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups, 28 and 33 students, in which the classroom group 2/2 used the organization based on the Problem Based Learning approach and group 2/3 used Synectics learning approach. The instruments used for the study comprised of 2 types of learning plans as mentioned 9 plans each, for 2 hours per plan ; and 3 types of the instruments used for collecting data comprised of a 40-item of learning achievement test with discriminating powers ranging 0.26 -0.61 and a reliability of 0.84 ; 25-item analytical thinking ability test with difficulties ranging 0.45- 0.59 , discriminating powers ranging 0.34- 0.77, and a reliability of 0.77 ; a 20-item scales of selfesteem with discriminating powers ranging 0.30-0.58, and a reliability of 0.82. The statistics used for analyzing data were mean, standard deviation, percentage, t-test (Dependent Sample) and F-test (One-way MANOVA) were employed for testing hypothesis.
The results of the study were as follows:1. The Problem based learning and Synectics learning approach had efficiencies (E1/E2) of 82.95/80.36 and 83.66/81.06 respectively.
2. The Problem based learning and Synectics learning approach had the effectiveness indices of .5933 and .6112, indicating that these students progressed their learning at 59.33 and 61.12 percentage respectively.
3. The students who learned using Problem based learning and Synectics learning approach showed gains in critical thinking ability and self-esteem from before learning (p< .05).
4. The students who learned using Synectics learning approach showed higher learning achievement, critical thinking abilities, and self-esteem than who learned using Problem based learning at the level of significance .017.
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