Development of Problem-Solving Processes: From Logical Thinking to Systemic Analysis of Constraints and the Structural Advancement
Keywords:
Problem-solving, Reasoning skills, Polya, Goldratt, IDEAL ModelAbstract
This research article aims to analyze synthesize the development of problem-solving concepts across three significant paradigms: Polya’s logical problem-solving approach, Goldratt’s Theory of Constraints (TOC) as a systemic analytical framework, and the IDEAL Model as a structured problem-solving model. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of reasoning skills as a key mechanism driving effective problem-solving. The study used more than 30 related academic documents. The synthesis reveals that Polya’s framework is crucial in establishing a logical and strategic foundation, while Goldratt’s TOC extends the scope toward organizational system analysis, and IDEAL Model provides a structured framework for addressing problems across multiple dimensions. These paradigms are interconnected as part of a continuous historical and theoretical development. The critique suggests that integrating these three perspectives can significantly enhance the reasoning skills of both learners and practitioners.
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